LIFO Tax Benefit Calculator:
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Instructions:
Note: LIFO is adopted on a prospective basis & LIFO tax savings accrue beginning in the year of the change. Prior period benefits can NOT be retrospectively recaptured. 20 year cumulative taxable income reduction & after-tax cash savings shown in calculator are for analysis purposes only & is provided to project the potential tax savings from LIFO that could occur over the next 20 years based on your current year inventory balance at cost & the historical inflation rates.
BLS PPI Annual Inflation Rate Averages Table for Selected Commodities Through March 2025
PPI Code | BLS PPI Category Description | 1M 3/25 | YTD 3/25 | 1YR 3/25 | 3YR 3/25 | 5Y 3/25 | 10YR 3/25 | 20Y 3/25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | FARM PRODUCTS | -5.8% | 2.8% | 7.4% | -0.9% | 8.9% | 3.9% | 3.4% |
011 | Fruits & melons, fresh/dry vegs. & nuts | -8.7% | -19.5% | -12.5% | -4.7% | 2.3% | 2.9% | 2.6% |
012 | Grains | -3.6% | 2.0% | 2.4% | -16.0% | 3.2% | 1.6% | 3.5% |
013 | Slaughter livestock | 3.6% | 9.8% | 14.1% | 14.2% | 15.5% | 3.9% | 4.4% |
014 | Slaughter poultry | 4.4% | 2.0% | 3.2% | -3.7% | 10.9% | 3.8% | 3.6% |
015 | Raw cotton | -2.1% | -5.2% | -28.5% | -18.5% | 2.3% | -0.1% | 1.1% |
016 | Raw milk | -16.4% | -8.7% | -2.4% | -2.7% | 3.8% | 4.6% | 1.6% |
017 | Chicken eggs | -27.6% | 46.1% | 167.0% | 60.9% | 38.8% | 19.4% | 12.5% |
018 | Hay, hayseeds and oilseeds | -3.9% | -1.6% | -14.7% | -15.3% | 2.1% | 0.3% | 2.1% |
02 | PROCESSED FOODS AND FEEDS | 0.2% | 1.3% | 2.9% | 2.7% | 5.3% | 2.6% | 2.9% |
021 | Cereal and bakery products | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 3.3% | 4.9% | 2.7% | 3.2% |
022 | Meats, poultry, and fish | 0.0% | 0.4% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 6.2% | 2.0% | 2.6% |
023 | Dairy products | -0.9% | -0.2% | 4.0% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 2.3% | 2.2% |
024 | Processed fruits and vegetables | -0.4% | 0.8% | 2.1% | 8.8% | 7.2% | 4.2% | 3.8% |
025 | Sugar and confectionery | 0.7% | -1.8% | 7.8% | 8.2% | 6.0% | 3.3% | 3.3% |
026 | Beverages and beverage materials | 0.7% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 4.8% | 4.5% | 2.8% | 2.6% |
027 | Fats and oils | -2.6% | -4.7% | -5.1% | -11.0% | 5.6% | 2.5% | 2.8% |
028 | Miscellaneous processed foods | 1.7% | 7.9% | 9.0% | 7.9% | 6.8% | 3.6% | 3.3% |
029 | Prepared animal feeds | -0.3% | 0.8% | 0.0% | -1.9% | 4.1% | 1.5% | 3.7% |
03 | TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND APPAREL | -0.1% | 0.1% | -0.6% | 1.5% | 4.5% | 2.6% | 2.1% |
031 | Synthetic fibers | -2.1% | -3.0% | -5.9% | 1.3% | 4.6% | 3.0% | 1.9% |
032 | Processed yarns and threads | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.1% | -2.2% | 4.9% | 2.5% | 2.3% |
033 | Greige fabrics | 0.1% | -0.3% | -0.6% | 0.6% | 4.1% | 1.8% | 2.0% |
034 | Finished fabrics | 0.7% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 5.1% | 2.9% | 2.6% |
038 | Apparel & other fabricated textile prods | 0.0% | 0.5% | 1.5% | 3.2% | 3.4% | 2.2% | 1.9% |
039 | Miscellaneous textile products/services | 0.3% | 0.9% | -8.0% | 0.1% | 6.8% | 2.3% | 1.8% |
04 | HIDES, SKINS, LEATHER, AND RELATED PRODUCTS | -0.3% | -1.4% | -1.8% | -0.5% | 2.1% | -2.5% | 0.3% |
041 | Hides and skins, incl. cattle | 0.1% | -10.8% | -15.5% | -13.6% | -5.0% | -12.4% | -4.2% |
042 | Leather | -1.9% | -2.1% | -3.9% | -2.5% | 3.1% | -3.8% | -0.6% |
043 | Footwear | -0.2% | 1.1% | 2.5% | 4.7% | 4.3% | 3.0% | 2.8% |
044 | Other leather and related products | 0.4% | 0.6% | 1.8% | 3.2% | 3.1% | 2.3% | 2.1% |
05 | FUELS AND RELATED PRODUCTS AND POWER | -2.4% | 3.5% | -4.1% | -5.4% | 9.0% | 3.5% | 2.3% |
051 | Coal | 3.7% | 2.1% | 3.9% | 6.4% | 9.1% | 3.6% | 4.9% |
053 | Gas fuels | 5.6% | 12.2% | 77.3% | -10.4% | 18.5% | 1.3% | -2.1% |
055 | Utility natural gas | -0.4% | 4.7% | 7.3% | 3.8% | 10.1% | 4.0% | 1.8% |
056 | Crude petroleum (domestic production) | -8.7% | -0.8% | -10.0% | -11.5% | 16.8% | 4.6% | 1.3% |
057 | Petroleum products, refined | -4.9% | 2.5% | -18.0% | -12.8% | 9.1% | 4.2% | 2.4% |
058 | Asphalt and other petroleum and coal products, n.e.c. | -1.1% | 21.9% | 12.6% | -6.9% | 8.3% | 2.0% | 7.9% |
06 | CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS | 0.8% | 2.2% | 2.1% | -0.9% | 4.3% | 2.7% | 3.2% |
061 | Industrial chemicals | 1.3% | 3.4% | 3.0% | -4.6% | 5.2% | 2.3% | 2.5% |
062 | Paints and allied products | -0.1% | 0.4% | 1.4% | 3.4% | 6.4% | 3.8% | 3.9% |
063 | Drugs and pharmaceuticals | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 1.9% | 2.0% | 3.4% | 4.4% |
064 | Fats and oils, inedible | 2.2% | 3.4% | 2.0% | -4.9% | 11.9% | 4.4% | 4.4% |
065 | Agricultural chemicals and chemical products | 0.7% | 2.9% | 2.0% | -6.3% | 7.2% | 2.2% | 3.5% |
066 | Plastic resins and materials | 2.5% | 4.9% | 3.2% | -3.1% | 4.6% | 1.1% | 1.8% |
067 | Other chemicals and allied products | 0.5% | 1.9% | 2.4% | 4.1% | 4.9% | 3.1% | 2.9% |
07 | RUBBER AND PLASTIC PRODUCTS | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 5.5% | 3.0% | 3.0% |
071 | Rubber and rubber products | 0.3% | 0.9% | 1.9% | 3.0% | 4.8% | 2.7% | 2.9% |
072 | Plastic products | 0.1% | -0.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 5.7% | 3.1% | 3.0% |
08 | LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS | 0.7% | 1.1% | 1.4% | -6.6% | 4.7% | 3.0% | 2.1% |
081 | Lumber | 3.4% | 4.9% | 8.9% | -14.6% | 4.5% | 2.6% | 1.5% |
082 | Millwork | -0.3% | -0.2% | -0.2% | -0.9% | 5.8% | 4.2% | 3.0% |
083 | Plywood | 0.6% | 1.1% | -3.2% | -10.7% | 6.5% | 2.9% | 1.9% |
084 | Other wood products | 0.2% | 0.7% | -0.1% | -3.3% | 3.5% | 2.6% | 2.2% |
085 | Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, woodchips and other roundwood products | 0.5% | 1.0% | -0.5% | -1.2% | 1.9% | 0.5% | 1.4% |
086 | Prefabricated wood buildings & components | 3.2% | 5.5% | 5.7% | 0.5% | 8.4% | 5.2% | 3.5% |
087 | Treated wood and contract wood preserving | -2.5% | -5.8% | -5.1% | -4.3% | 4.6% | 3.0% | 2.0% |
09 | PULP,PAPER, AND ALLIED PRODUCTS | 0.3% | 0.4% | 2.6% | 2.0% | 5.8% | 3.1% | 2.7% |
091 | Pulp, paper, and prod., ex. bldg. paper | 0.3% | 0.3% | 3.0% | 2.1% | 5.7% | 2.9% | 2.8% |
092 | Building paper & building board mill prods. | -0.5% | -5.1% | -9.3% | -18.0% | 5.9% | 4.9% | 1.9% |
094 | Publications, printed matter & printing material | 0.6% | 1.4% | 2.9% | 4.8% | 6.3% | 3.6% | |
10 | METALS AND METAL PRODUCTS | 2.7% | 4.7% | 3.8% | -1.4% | 7.9% | 4.2% | 3.5% |
101 | Iron and steel | 4.4% | 7.6% | -2.3% | -7.6% | 8.1% | 3.6% | 3.0% |
102 | Nonferrous metals | 3.2% | 6.9% | 13.4% | 0.7% | 8.3% | 4.6% | 4.3% |
103 | Metal containers | 0.0% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 0.4% | 6.9% | 4.2% | 3.2% |
104 | Hardware | 0.7% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 2.1% | 5.1% | 3.3% | 2.8% |
105 | Plumbing fixtures and fittings | 0.0% | 1.6% | 2.2% | 3.4% | 3.8% | 3.0% | 2.8% |
106 | Heating equipment | 0.2% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 4.1% | 7.5% | 5.1% | 4.1% |
107 | Fabricated structural metal products | 2.8% | 2.9% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 9.6% | 5.4% | 3.9% |
108 | Miscellaneous metal products | 0.3% | 1.0% | 3.1% | 3.3% | 5.7% | 3.3% | 2.7% |
11 | MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT | 0.4% | 1.2% | 2.7% | 4.4% | 4.8% | 2.9% | 2.0% |
111 | Agricultural machinery and equipment | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 3.9% | 5.9% | 3.8% | 3.1% |
112 | Construction machinery and equipment | 0.4% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 5.4% | 5.5% | 3.6% | 3.1% |
113 | Metalworking machinery and equipment | 0.6% | 1.4% | 2.8% | 5.2% | 5.2% | 3.2% | 2.5% |
114 | General purpose machinery and equipment | 0.5% | 1.4% | 3.5% | 5.8% | 6.8% | 4.4% | 3.8% |
115 | Electronic computers and computer equipment | 0.2% | 0.0% | -0.8% | 53.3% | 31.0% | 12.8% | 3.2% |
116 | Special industry machinery and equipment | 0.3% | 0.6% | 2.3% | 4.2% | 6.1% | 3.7% | 2.6% |
117 | Electrical machinery and equipment | 0.3% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 3.2% | 3.5% | 2.1% | 1.1% |
118 | Miscellaneous instruments | 0.5% | 3.4% | 6.1% | 5.8% | 5.1% | 3.4% | 2.5% |
119 | Miscellaneous machinery | 0.5% | 1.3% | 2.8% | 4.5% | 3.9% | 2.3% | 2.2% |
12 | FURNITURE AND HOUSEHOLD DURABLES | 0.1% | 1.4% | 2.1% | 3.0% | 4.7% | 3.2% | 2.4% |
121 | Household furniture | 0.1% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 2.1% | 4.6% | 3.2% | 2.7% |
122 | Commercial furniture | 0.8% | 1.8% | 3.3% | 4.7% | 6.3% | 4.3% | 3.3% |
123 | Floor coverings | -1.2% | 0.8% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 2.1% |
124 | Household appliances | -0.2% | 1.8% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 3.9% | 2.5% | 1.9% |
125 | Home electronic equipment | 0.0% | 0.0% | -0.4% | 1.8% | 3.7% | 2.1% | -0.1% |
126 | Other household durable goods | 0.1% | 0.9% | 2.7% | 2.8% | 4.7% | 2.9% | 2.2% |
13 | NONMETALIC MINERAL PRODUCTS | 0.0% | 2.6% | 3.2% | 6.4% | 6.4% | 4.5% | 4.0% |
131 | Glass | -0.4% | 0.6% | 1.6% | 3.7% | 4.4% | 3.5% | 2.2% |
132 | Concrete ingredients and related products | 0.3% | 4.0% | 5.9% | 8.6% | 7.5% | 5.7% | 4.8% |
133 | Concrete products | -0.2% | 0.9% | 2.4% | 7.7% | 7.0% | 5.2% | 4.1% |
134 | Clay construction products ex. refractories | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 4.3% | 4.4% | 2.7% | 1.9% |
135 | Refractories | 0.0% | 1.1% | 2.0% | 3.6% | 4.6% | 3.7% | 3.8% |
136 | Asphalt felts and coatings | -0.2% | -1.1% | -0.9% | 2.8% | 6.4% | 4.0% | 5.2% |
137 | Gypsum products | 0.0% | 0.2% | 1.1% | 4.7% | 8.2% | 4.6% | 4.0% |
138 | Glass containers | 0.3% | 1.4% | 5.1% | 6.1% | 6.9% | 4.2% | 3.6% |
139 | Other nonmetallic minerals | 0.2% | 6.1% | 4.3% | 6.3% | 6.0% | 3.5% | 4.1% |
14 | TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT | 0.1% | 0.5% | 1.6% | 2.4% | 2.7% | 1.8% | 1.7% |
141 | Motor vehicles and equipment | 0.1% | 0.4% | 1.4% | 2.0% | 2.6% | 1.7% | 1.4% |
142 | Aircraft and aircraft equipment | 0.3% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 3.6% | 3.0% | 2.0% | 2.3% |
143 | Ships and boats | 0.8% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 2.9% | 3.4% | 2.3% | 2.5% |
144 | Railroad equipment | -0.2% | -0.2% | -0.4% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
149 | Transportation equipment, n.e.c. | 0.1% | -0.3% | -0.2% | 0.1% | 3.0% | 2.4% | 1.7% |
15 | MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS | 0.2% | 1.5% | 4.9% | 5.7% | 5.8% | 4.2% | 3.3% |
151 | Toys, sporting goods, small arms, etc. | 0.9% | -0.2% | -1.1% | 4.6% | 5.8% | 3.4% | 2.5% |
152 | Tobacco products, incl. stemmed & redried | 0.0% | 2.4% | 10.7% | 11.0% | 9.6% | 7.6% | 6.2% |
153 | Notions | 0.0% | 4.1% | 4.1% | 4.3% | 5.8% | 3.5% | 3.8% |
154 | Photographic equipment and supplies | -4.0% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 4.8% | 4.8% | 3.6% | 2.6% |
155 | Mobile homes | 0.3% | 0.7% | 2.1% | -0.9% | 8.1% | 6.1% | 4.5% |
156 | Medical, surgical & personal aid devices | 0.3% | 1.3% | 2.1% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 1.6% | 1.4% |
157 | Other industrial safety equipment | 0.0% | 1.2% | 2.7% | 6.2% | 5.6% | 3.2% | 2.5% |
159 | Other miscellaneous products | 0.4% | 1.4% | 5.1% | 4.8% | 6.5% | 4.4% | 3.1% |
BLS CPI Historical Annual Inflation Rate Averages Through March 2025 Table for Selected Categories
BLS CPI Code | BLS CPI Category Description | 1M 3/25 | 1Y 3/25 | 3Y 3/25 | 5Y 3/25 | 10Y 3/25 | 20Y 3/25 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAF | FOOD & BEVERAGES | 0.4% | 1.2% | 2.9% | 4.4% | 5.0% | 3.1% | |
SAF11 | Food at home | 0.5% | 1.4% | 2.4% | 3.9% | 5.0% | 2.6% | |
SAF114 | Nonalcoholic beverages & beverage materials | 0.6% | 2.8% | 2.4% | 5.3% | 5.4% | 3.1% | |
SEFN | Juices & nonalcoholic drinks | 0.8% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 5.6% | 5.7% | 3.5% | |
SEFN01 | Carbonated drinks | 1.4% | 4.6% | 1.6% | 5.7% | 6.0% | 3.9% | |
SEFN03 | Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices & drinks | 0.1% | 0.8% | 0.9% | 5.0% | 5.2% | 3.1% | |
SEFP | Beverage materials including coffee & tea | 0.1% | 2.4% | 4.5% | 4.6% | 4.7% | 2.0% | |
SEFP01 | Coffee | 0.8% | 4.3% | 6.7% | 4.8% | 5.2% | 1.9% | |
SEFP02 | Other beverage materials including tea | -0.7% | 0.4% | 2.1% | 4.8% | 4.1% | 2.3% | |
SAF115 | Other food at home | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 4.4% | 5.1% | 2.8% | |
SEFT06 | Other miscellaneous foods | 0.9% | -0.1% | 0.8% | 4.3% | 5.0% | 2.7% | |
SEFW | Alcoholic beverages at home | 0.3% | 1.1% | 0.9% | 2.2% | 2.1% | 1.6% | |
SEFW01 | Beer, ale & other malt beverages at home | 0.0% | 0.6% | 1.8% | 3.5% | 3.3% | 2.6% | |
SEFW02 | Distilled spirits at home | 1.1% | 1.2% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 0.9% | |
SEFW03 | Wine at home | 0.1% | 1.5% | 0.4% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 0.8% | |
SEHE | FUEL OIL & OTHER FUELS | -3.0% | 3.6% | -3.3% | -5.8% | 8.5% | 2.6% | |
SAH3 | HOUSEHOLD FURNISHINGS & OPERATIONS | 0.0% | 1.3% | 0.9% | 1.9% | 3.7% | 2.0% | |
SAA | APPAREL | 1.0% | 5.3% | 0.3% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 0.4% | |
SAM1 | MEDICAL CARE COMMODITIES | -1.1% | 0.1% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 1.4% | 1.6% | |
SEMF | Medicinal drugs | -1.3% | 0.3% | 1.2% | 2.3% | 1.4% | 1.6% | |
SEMF01 | Prescription drugs | -2.0% | 0.4% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 1.0% | 1.6% | |
SEMF02 | Nonprescription drugs | 0.3% | -0.1% | -0.6% | 3.8% | 2.6% | 1.2% | |
SEMG | Medical equipment and supplies | 0.2% | -0.7% | -1.2% | 3.5% | 1.5% | 0.9% | |
SAR | RECREATION | 0.0% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.8% | 2.9% | 2.0% | |
SEEA | EDUCATIONAL BOOKS & SUPPLIES | 1.8% | 2.8% | 12.3% | 3.2% | 2.8% | 1.8% | |
SEGA | TOBACCO & SMOKING PRODUCTS | 0.6% | 1.7% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 5.8% | |
SEGB | PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS | 0.0% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 2.2% | 0.9% | |
SEGE | MISCELLANEOUS PERSONAL GOODS | -0.4% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 1.7% | 2.7% | 0.5% | |
SAG | OTHER GOODS AND SERVICES | 1.0% | 1.8% | 3.8% | 4.9% | 4.5% | 3.4% | |
SERE | Other recreational goods | -1.1% | 1.0% | -1.1% | -1.8% | -0.8% | -3.7% | |
SERG | Recreational reading materials | 2.1% | 4.3% | 2.7% | 2.4% | 2.4% | 2.2% |
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